May 31 may not be widely recognized as a national holiday, statutory holiday, or public holiday in most countries, but that doesn’t make it a day without significance. Across the globe, May 31 holds a range of meanings depending on the cultural, historical, or social lens through which it’s viewed. From global awareness campaigns and light-hearted observances to major historical milestones and the birthdays of influential figures, this date is rich in substance and worth celebrating in its own right.
This comprehensive article will explore what is observed on May 31, examine notable historical events that took place on this day, and highlight some of the most famous individuals born on May 31 throughout history.
May 31 Holidays
While May 31 is not a statutory holiday or public holiday in most nations, it is marked by several noteworthy observances, many of which are dedicated to raising awareness and celebrating human creativity, health, and joy.
World No Tobacco Day
Perhaps the most internationally recognized observance on May 31 is World No Tobacco Day, established by the World Health Organization (WHO). Celebrated annually, this day serves as a vital reminder of the global health risks associated with tobacco use. Governments, NGOs, healthcare professionals, and activists use the day to promote effective policies that aim to reduce tobacco consumption, help smokers quit, and highlight the devastating impact tobacco has on individual health and public resources.
The theme changes every year, ranging from advocating for higher taxation on tobacco products to drawing attention to tobacco advertising targeting young people. The long-term goal of this observance is to create a tobacco-free world and raise awareness about the roughly 8 million deaths that occur annually due to tobacco-related illnesses.
National Smile Day (United States)
Another lighter and more cheerful observance on May 31 is National Smile Day, celebrated in the United States. This unofficial holiday encourages individuals to smile, spread joy, and appreciate the positive psychological and social benefits of smiling. A smile, though simple, can elevate mood, reduce stress, and strengthen interpersonal connections.
On this day, people often share feel-good stories, exchange positive affirmations, or engage in activities that bring genuine happiness to themselves and others.
National Macaroon Day (United States)
Food lovers in the U.S. also have something to celebrate on May 31: National Macaroon Day. This day pays homage to the coconut-based sweet treat that has delighted dessert enthusiasts for generations. Macaroons are beloved for their chewy texture and sweet flavor, and they are often dipped in chocolate or filled with fruit.
Bakers and pastry chefs may take this opportunity to experiment with different variations of the macaroon, while home cooks try their hand at making this delectable delight from scratch.
National Save Your Hearing Day
Also observed in the United States, National Save Your Hearing Day aims to promote ear health and raise awareness about hearing loss prevention. With increasing exposure to loud environments—whether through concerts, heavy machinery, or personal audio devices—hearing loss has become more common, even among young adults.
This observance advocates for the use of ear protection, regular hearing check-ups, and a general understanding of how to maintain good hearing hygiene throughout one’s life.
National Autonomous Vehicle Day
As the automotive world moves toward a future dominated by self-driving technologies, May 31 is celebrated in the U.S. as National Autonomous Vehicle Day. The day serves to recognize advancements in autonomous driving and the potential benefits they offer, including reduced traffic fatalities, improved mobility for people with disabilities, and increased efficiency in logistics.
Technology companies, automobile manufacturers, and innovation hubs often use this day to showcase new prototypes, share progress updates, and engage the public in discussions about the ethical and practical implications of driverless cars.
Today in History: Significant Events on May 31
1859 – Big Ben Ticks for the First Time
On May 31, 1859, the Great Clock of Westminster, popularly known as Big Ben, began keeping time. Located at the north end of the Palace of Westminster in London, Big Ben has since become one of the most iconic symbols of the United Kingdom.
The clock tower, now officially named the Elizabeth Tower, has witnessed decades of political and historical events, chiming through wars, coronations, and public protests. Its first ticking on this day marks a moment of engineering triumph in British history.
1902 – End of the Second Boer War
On this date in 1902, the Second Boer War came to a close with the signing of the Treaty of Vereeniging. The conflict had pitted the British Empire against two Boer states—the South African Republic and the Orange Free State.
The treaty marked the beginning of British control over what would become the Union of South Africa, laying a foundation for future political developments and setting the stage for South Africa’s complex racial history.
1962 – Execution of Adolf Eichmann
May 31, 1962, saw the execution of Adolf Eichmann, one of the principal architects of the Holocaust. Captured by Israeli agents in Argentina in 1960, Eichmann stood trial in Jerusalem for crimes against humanity, war crimes, and other charges relating to the genocide of European Jews during World War II.
The trial was significant not just for bringing justice to a key Nazi official but also for raising global awareness about the horrors of the Holocaust. Eichmann’s execution remains the only civil execution ever carried out in Israel, underscoring the extraordinary nature of the case.
2005 – “Deep Throat” Revealed
On May 31, 2005, Mark Felt, a former Associate Director of the FBI, revealed himself as “Deep Throat,” the secret informant who provided critical information to journalists during the Watergate scandal. Felt’s identity had been a topic of intense speculation for decades and his revelation confirmed a key part of the investigative journalism that led to the resignation of President Richard Nixon in 1974.
This disclosure marked a turning point in the understanding of governmental accountability and highlighted the essential role of investigative journalism in democratic societies.
Famous Birthdays on May 31
May 31 is a birthdate shared by several notable individuals who have made significant contributions to literature, politics, entertainment, and science.
Walt Whitman (1819–1892)
Born on May 31, 1819, Walt Whitman remains one of the most influential figures in American literature. His collection Leaves of Grass broke traditional poetic forms and championed themes of democracy, individualism, and nature.
Whitman’s work was groundbreaking in its embrace of free verse and its candid exploration of the human body and sexuality. His poems remain staples in classrooms and continue to inspire poets and readers worldwide.
Clint Eastwood (Born 1930)
Clint Eastwood, born on May 31, 1930, is a legendary figure in both Hollywood and American culture. First gaining fame through his roles in spaghetti westerns and action films, Eastwood transitioned into directing, earning critical acclaim for films like Unforgiven, Million Dollar Baby, and Gran Torino.
His career, spanning over six decades, showcases his versatility and commitment to storytelling in cinema.
Brooke Shields (Born 1965)
Brooke Shields, an actress and model, was born on May 31, 1965. She achieved early fame with controversial roles in films like Pretty Baby and The Blue Lagoon, and later transitioned into television, stage performances, and advocacy work.
Shields has also been vocal about postpartum depression and mental health, helping reduce stigma through her public disclosures.
Colin Farrell (Born 1976)
Colin Farrell, an Irish actor born on May 31, 1976, has received widespread acclaim for his roles in both blockbuster and independent films. Known for performances in In Bruges, The Lobster, and The Banshees of Inisherin, Farrell has demonstrated a remarkable range of acting ability.
He remains one of Ireland’s most recognized cinematic exports and continues to contribute meaningfully to global film culture.
Other Noteworthy Birthdays
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Joe Namath (1943) – Legendary American football quarterback known for leading the New York Jets to an unexpected Super Bowl III victory.
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Rainer Werner Fassbinder (1945–1982) – German filmmaker and leading figure of the New German Cinema movement.
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Lea Thompson (1961) – Actress best known for her role as Lorraine Baines in the Back to the Future trilogy.
Conclusion
May 31 is a day layered with meaning and relevance, despite its absence from the typical national holiday calendar. Through powerful observances like World No Tobacco Day and cheerful celebrations such as National Smile Day, this date reminds us of the importance of both serious reflection and joyful living.
It’s also a day that has seen major historical developments—from the ticking of Big Ben to the closure of the Second Boer War—and witnessed the births of some of the world’s most influential artists, thinkers, and leaders.
Understanding what happens on May 31 helps us appreciate that not all important days need to be marked by a public holiday designation. Some are significant simply because they resonate with purpose, memory, or the promise of better futures.
